Design and Product Development

A Wearable Smart Healthcare System for Wheelchair Users: Functional Clothing with Embedded Temperature Sensors and Heating Elements

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Abstract

Wheelchair users are at high risk of thermal discomfort and circulatory problems due to prolonged sitting and limited mobility. This study proposes and evaluates a wearable smart healthcare system that integrates temperature sensing and active heating into functional clothing for individuals who use wheelchairs. The system comprises infrared temperature sensors, Bluetooth-enabled control modules, localized carbon fiber or graphene heating elements, and ergonomically designed garments optimized for both wearability and comfort. Sensors and heating patches were strategically positioned at key acupoints to promote blood circulation and alleviate muscle stiffness. Objective performance tests and a within-subject user evaluation were conducted with experienced wheelchair users. Results demonstrated superior ease of donning and doffing, improved pressure comfort, accurate temperature monitoring, and safe heating performance compared with standard garments. User evaluations further confirmed significant improvements in warmth, comfort, and overall satisfaction.

Keywords: Wheelchair users, Smart healthcare system, Functional clothing, Temperature sensors, Heating elements

How to Cite:

Chen, S., Yu, M. & Liu, C. C., (2025) “A Wearable Smart Healthcare System for Wheelchair Users: Functional Clothing with Embedded Temperature Sensors and Heating Elements”, International Textile and Apparel Association Annual Conference Proceedings 82(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.31274/itaa.21629