Design and Product Development

Inclusive Sportswear Design: A User-Centered Approach to Enhance Taekwondo Uniforms for Hijabi Athletes

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Abstract

The increasing participation of hijabi women in Taekwondo has highlighted the need for uniforms that support athletic performance while maintaining cultural and modesty requirements. Although standard Taekwondo uniforms generally allow full range of motion, hijabi athletes often experience overheating and discomfort due to the additional layers needed for adequate coverage. The purpose of this study was to develop an inclusive Taekwondo uniform that enhances comfort, breathability, and modesty. Using a Human-Centered Design approach, data were collected from 13 hijabi athletes through open-ended surveys and refined through two focus groups (n = 6). Thematic analysis identified key concerns, including heat retention, and difficulty maintaining proper coverage when wearing the leg guard. These insights guided the creation of a prototype featuring expanded mesh zones, and culturally responsive coverage. Findings indicate that a user-informed design substantially improves comfort and thermal regulation, offering a viable pathway toward inclusive sportswear for hijabi Taekwondo athletes. 

Keywords: User-centered Design, Taekwondo Uniform, Modest Sportswear, Hijabi Athletes

How to Cite:

Asil, J., Tawfiq, W. A. & Debes, R., (2025) “Inclusive Sportswear Design: A User-Centered Approach to Enhance Taekwondo Uniforms for Hijabi Athletes”, International Textile and Apparel Association Annual Conference Proceedings 82(1). doi: https://doi.org/10.31274/itaa.21483